Inevitably, this book synthesizes an enormous range of existing scholarship, and it is impossible to express fully my debt to all the scholars upon whose work I have drawn. I have benefited particularly from reading the works of Martin Blinkhorn, Michael Burleigh and Wolfgang Wipperman, Roger Eatwell, Roger Griffin, Stanley Payne, and Dave Renton. Mark Donovan, Martin Durham, and Maura Hametz helped me with particular parts of the book. Mark Donovan, along with Stefan Berger, Pat Hudson, and Garthine Walker, read all or part of the manuscript. I would also like to express my gratitude to the anonymous readers for their helpful suggestions and to Katharine Reeve for her encouraging and sympathetic editorship.